Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), arising from the parafollicular C cells of the thyroid,
accounts for 1–2% of thyroid cancers. MTC is frequently aggressive and metastasizes to …

Activating receptor-tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET) mutations and
fusions are potent drivers of oncogenesis. The recent FDA approvals of highly potent and …

Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common type of endocrine malignancy. Tumour formation,
progression, and metastasis greatly depend on the efficacy of mitochondria—primarily, the …

Thyroid cancer is the most frequent endocrine malignancy, with more than 500,000 cases
per year worldwide. Differentiated thyroid cancers are the most common forms with best …

Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a relatively rare thyroid cancer responsible for a
substantial fraction of thyroid cancer mortality. More effective therapeutic drugs with low …

The treatment of patients with progressive metastatic follicular cell-derived and medullary
thyroid cancers that do not respond to standard therapeutic modalities presents a …

Rearranged during transfection kinase (RET) is a validated molecular target in medullary
thyroid cancer (MTC), as activating mutations in RET are often associated with the …

Highlights•Systemic treatment options in advanced MTC remain limited with particularly
immunotherapy being ineffective.•Multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors remain the standard of …

Thyroid disorders are among the most common endocrinological conditions. As the
prevalence of thyroid diseases increases annually, the exploration of thyroid disease …

The goals of this chapter in keeping with the overall general themes of this special edition
will be (1) to highlight aspects of development of the thyroid and parathyroid glands with …