Background: The use of oral contraceptives (OCs) is associated with an increased risk of
cardiovascular events such as arterial and venous thrombosis (VTE). Cardiovascular …

The spironolactone derivative drospirenone is combined with ethinylestradiol or estetrol in
combined oral contraceptives. Formulations with 17-β-estradiol are used to treat climacteric …

Worldwide over 150 million women use oral contraceptives (OCs), which are the most
prescribed form of contraception in both the United States and in European countries. Sex …

Purpose: Steroid hormones in hormonal contraceptives influence a variety of metabolic
parameters. Mainly, ethinyloestradiol (EE) in combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC) is a …

Introduction The use of oral contraceptives (OCs) is linked to an increased risk of
cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in women of reproductive age. CVD remain one of the top …

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate associations between use of seven progestogens and incident
acute venous thromboembolism (VTE) among women of reproductive age. METHODS: This …

The vaginal microbiome is crucial for women's health and reproduction, but its ecology and
determinants in the general population are still unclear. This lack of a reference framework …

Estrogen exposure, in the setting of pregnancy, the postpartum state, combined hormonal
contraceptives (CHCs), or hormone therapy use, has been clearly associated with increased …

Background: Thrombophilia testing is controversial, not least because of its high cost.
Because comprehensive val-id testing requires standardized blood collection close by the …

Abstract Purpose of Review Use of exogenous estrogen carries significant risk for patients
with prothrombotic disorders including those with antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) and …