Highlights•TTE with contrast study is being used for indirect diagnosis of PFO.•TEE affords
direct visualization of PFO with measurement of PFO size.•TEE also provides detailed …

Incidents of strokes are increased in young women relative to young men, suggesting that
oral contraceptive (OC) use is one of the causes of stroke among young women. Long-term …

The abnormal vascular structures of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) often
cause severe anemia due to recurrent hemorrhage, but HHT causal genes do not predict the …

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) result in preventable complications
demanding specialty care. Underlying hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) can be …

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a vascular dysplasia inherited as an
autosomal dominant trait, due to a single heterozygous loss-of-function variant, usually in …

Cryptogenic stroke refers to a stroke of undetermined etiology. It accounts for approximately
one-fifth of ischemic strokes and has a higher prevalence in younger patients. Embolic …

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) can result in challenging anaemia and
thrombosis phenotypes. Clinical presentations of HHT vary for relatives with identical casual …

Transient ischemic attack (TIA) constitutes an important clinical condition, indicating the
presence of considerable risk for a subsequent ischemic stroke. Its prompt diagnosis and …

Background Patients with the rare disease; Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT)
often bleed from telangiectatic lesions in mucosal surfaces. Studies suggest that impaired …

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized
by abnormal blood vessel formation. When an abnormal vascular architecture affects the …