Aging is a gradual and irreversible pathophysiological process. It presents with declines in
tissue and cell functions and significant increases in the risks of various aging-related …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disorder that leads to disability and affects
more than 500 million population worldwide. OA was believed to be caused by the wearing …

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a common finding on spine imaging that increases
in prevalence with age. IVD degeneration is a frequent cause of low back pain, which is a …

Mechanical stimuli have fundamental roles in articular cartilage during health and disease.
Chondrocytes respond to the physical properties of the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) …

Osteoarthritis (OA) remains the most challenging arthritic disorder, with a high burden of
disease and no available disease-modifying treatments. Symptomatic early-stage OA of the …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by low-grade inflammation
and high levels of clinical heterogeneity. Aberrant chondrocyte metabolism is a response to …

The ability of articular cartilage to repair itself is limited because it lacks blood vessels,
nerves, and lymph tissue. Once damaged, it can lead to joint swelling and pain, accelerating …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. It is characterized by progressive
destruction of articular cartilage and the development of chronic pain and constitutes a …

Insufficient intracellular anabolism is a crucial factor involved in many pathological
processes in the body,. The anabolism of intracellular substances requires the consumption …

In the mammalian skeletal system, osteogenesis and angiogenesis are intimately linked
during bone growth and regeneration in bone modeling and during bone homeostasis in …