Abstract Calcium (Ca 2+) signaling consists of three steps:(1) initiation of a change in
cellular Ca 2+ concentration in response to a stimulus,(2) recognition of the change through …

Cotton is widely grown in many countries around the world due to the huge economic value
of the total natural fiber. Verticillium wilt, caused by the soil-borne pathogen Verticillium …

Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) can decode and translate intracellular calcium
signals to induce plant immunity. Mutation of the exocyst subunit gene EXO70B1 causes …

Abstract Calcium (Ca2+) is a second messenger in plants growth and development, as well
as in stress responses. The transient elevation in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration have been …

Plants have evolved a set of finely regulated mechanisms to respond to various biotic
stresses. Transient changes in intracellular calcium (Ca2+) concentration have been well …

Plant immune response is fascinating due to the complete absence of a humoral system.
The adaptive immune response in plants relies on the intracellular orchestration of …

Abstract PURPOSE AND METHODS Botrytis cinerea is the primary disease affecting
cucumber production. It can be managed by applying pesticides and cultivating disease …

The process of plant immune response is orchestrated by intracellular signaling molecules.
Since plants are devoid of a humoral system, they develop extensive mechanism of …

Background Throughout history, humans have battled with plant diseases since the
beginning of agricultural civilization. In ancient cultures, people appealed to gods for …

Cellular signaling generates calcium (Ca2+) ions, which are ubiquitous secondary
messengers decoded by calcium-dependent protein kinases, calcineurins, calreticulin …