ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) has a multiplicity of physiological roles that
revolve around its trivalent function: a negative regulator of the renin-angiotensin system …

It is well known that adipokines are endocrine factors that are mainly secreted by white
adipose tissue. Their central role in energy metabolism is currently accepted. More recently …

Sarcopenia, the degenerative loss of skeletal muscle mass, quality and strength, lacks early
diagnostic tools and new therapeutic strategies to prevent the frailty-to-disability transition …

Background Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress play important roles in early brain
injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This study is the first to show that …

Abstract The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2013/14 provides concise overviews of
the key properties of over 2000 human drug targets with their pharmacology, plus links to an …

Apelin peptides mediate beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system and are being
targeted as potential new drugs. However, apelin peptides have extremely short biological …

In 2005, the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology Committee on Receptor
Nomenclature and Drug Classification (NC-IUPHAR) published a catalog of all of the human …

The apelin receptor (AR or APJ) is a class A (rhodopsin-like) G-protein-coupled receptor
with wide distribution throughout the human body. Activation of the AR by its cognate …

Apelin is a vasoactive peptide and is an endogenous ligand for APJ receptors, which are
widely expressed in blood vessels, heart, and cardiovascular regulatory regions of the brain …

Background Coronary artery disease leading to myocardial ischemia is the most common
cause of heart failure. Apelin (APLN), the endogenous peptide ligand of the APJ receptor …