Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is arguably the most conspicuous feature of bacterial
evolution. Evidence for HGT is found in most bacterial genomes. Although HGT can …

Bacterial colonization of the rhizosphere is critical for the establishment of plant–bacteria
interactions that represent a key determinant of plant health and productivity. Plants …

Understanding microbial gene functions relies on the application of experimental genetics in
cultured microorganisms. However, the vast majority of bacteria and archaea remain …

Many bacterial species are represented by a pan-genome, whose genetic repertoire far
outstrips that of any single bacterial genome. Here we investigate how a bacterial pan …

The human body is constantly exposed to microorganisms, which entails manifold
interactions between human cells and diverse commensal or pathogenic bacteria. The …

Studies of the gut microbiota have revealed associations between specific bacterial species
or community compositions with health and disease, yet the causal mechanisms underlying …

Antibiotics are being less effective, which leads to high mortality in patients with infections
and a high cost for the recovery of health, and the projections that are had for the future are …

Biofilm has garnered a lot of interest due to concerns in various sectors such as public
health, medicine, and the pharmaceutical industry. Biofilm-producing bacteria show a …

The enduring coexistence between the gut microbiota and the host has led to a symbiotic
relationship that benefits both parties. In this complex, multispecies environment, bacteria …

CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) is a powerful tool to link essential and nonessential genes
to specific phenotypes and to explore their functions. Here we describe a protocol for …