Effectors play a central role in determining the outcome of plant− pathogen interactions. As
key virulence proteins, effectors are collectively indispensable for disease development. By …

The oomycete Phytophthora infestans is a damaging crop pathogen and a model organism
to study plant-pathogen interactions. We report the discovery of a family of copper …

The oomycetes are a class of ubiquitous, filamentous microorganisms that include some of
the biggest threats to global food security and natural ecosystems. Within the oomycete …

Papaya fruits, stems, and leaves are rich in papain, a cysteine protease that has been
shown to mediate plant defense against pathogens and insects. Yet the oomycete …

Pathogens modulate plant cell structure and function by secreting effectors into host tissues.
Effectors typically function by associating with host molecules and modulating their activities …

The expansion of plants onto land necessitated the evolution of robust defense strategies to
protect against a wide array of microbial invaders. Whereas host responses to microbial …

Phytophthora palmivora (Butler) is an hemibiotrophic oomycete capable of infecting over
200 plant species including one of the most economically important crops, Theobroma …

The expansion of plants onto land was a formative event that brought forth profound
changes to the earth's geochemistry and biota. Filamentous eukaryotic microbes developed …

Exchanges at the Plant-Oomycete Interface That Influence Disease | Plant Physiology | Oxford
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Dynamic changes in transcription profiles are key for the success of pathogens in colonizing
their hosts. In many pathogens, genes associated with virulence, such as effector genes, are …