Recent advances in the analysis of microbial communities colonizing the human body have
identified a resident microbial community in the human urinary tract (UT). Compared to many …

The infant's gut microbiome is generally rich in the Bifidobacterium genus. The mother's milk
contains natural prebiotics, called human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), as the third most …

Human milk is the gold standard for nutrition of infant growth, whose nutritional value is
mainly attributed to human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). HMOs, the third most abundant …

Breast milk is an unbeatable food that covers all the nutritional requirements of an infant in
its different stages of growth up to six months after birth. In addition, breastfeeding benefits …

Host-pathogen interactions are fundamental to our understanding of infectious diseases.
Protein glycosylation is one kind of common post-translational modification, forming …

Prebiotics are either natural or synthetic non-digestible (non-) carbohydrate substances that
boost the proliferation of gut microbes. Undigested fructooligosaccharides in the large …

A number of bacterial species are found in high abundance in the faeces of healthy breast-
fed infants, an occurrence that is understood to be, at least in part, due to the ability of these …

Starch is a polymer of glucose and is one of the most abundant carbohydrates in a Western
diet. Resistant starch escapes digestion by host small intestinal glucoamylases and transits …

Members of the genus Bifidobacterium are dominant and symbiotic inhabitants of the
mammalian gastrointestinal tract. Being vertically transmitted, bifidobacterial host …

The human gut microbiota established during infancy has persistent effects on health. In
vitro studies have suggested that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) in breast milk …