Cancers are highly complex diseases that are characterized by not only the overgrowth of
malignant cells but also an altered immune response. The inhibition and reprogramming of …

The main breakthrough in tumor immunotherapy was the discovery of immune checkpoint
(IC) proteins, which act as a potent suppressor of the immune system by a myriad of …

A patient's response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a complex quantitative trait,
and determined by multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Three currently FDA-approved …

ABSTRACT Introduction Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have recently entered into the
therapeutic scenario of metastatic breast cancer. However, only a proportion of patients …

Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a frequently diagnosed malignancy
worldwide, still representing an important cause of cancer-related death. Recent years have …

Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents the sixth most commonly
diagnosed malignancy worldwide, accounting for millions of deaths annually. Despite …

Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) pathway is a
common signaling pathway used to transduce signals from the extracellular to the …

Introduction: The prognosis of patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) remains
dismal, with a 5-year overall survival rate of less than 10%. Although immune checkpoint …

Background: The latest research identified cuproptosis as an entirely new mechanism of cell
death. However, as a key regulator in copper-induced cell death, the prognostic and …

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a major pathological type of kidney cancer and is one of the
most common malignancies worldwide. The unremarkable symptoms of early stages …