Neuronal microenvironment imbalance is associated with successive and irreversible
pathophysiological changes and insufficient functional restoration after peripheral nerve …

Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R, also known as c-FMS) is a receptor tyrosine
kinase. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and IL-34 are ligands of CSF1R …

Paralleling the activation of dorsal horn microglia after peripheral nerve injury is a significant
expansion and proliferation of macrophages around injured sensory neurons in dorsal root …

Microglia, the brain's immune sentinels, have garnered much attention in recent years.
Researchers have begun to identify the manifold roles that these cells play in the central …

Neuroinflammation has positive and negative effects. This review focuses on the roles of
macrophage in the PNS. Transection of PNS axons leads to degeneration and clearance of …

Activation of microglia in the spinal cord dorsal horn after peripheral nerve injury contributes
to the development of pain hypersensitivity. How activated microglia selectively enhance the …

The pathobiology of traumatic and nontraumatic spinal cord injury (SCI), including
degenerative myelopathy, is influenced by neuroinflammation. The neuroinflammatory …

In the cornea, resident immune cells are in close proximity to sensory nerves, consistent with
their important roles in the maintenance of nerves in both homeostasis and inflammation …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system
(CNS) characterized by progressive neuronal demyelination and degeneration. Much of this …

The blood barriers of the nervous system protect neural environments but can hinder
therapeutic accessibility. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is well characterized, consisting of …