Current therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) reduce both relapses and relapse-associated
worsening of disability, which is assumed to be mainly associated with transient infiltration of …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the commonest non‐traumatic disabling disease to affect young
adults. The incidence of MS is increasing worldwide, together with the socioeconomic …

Importance Accumulation of disability in multiple sclerosis may occur as relapse-associated
worsening (RAW) or steady progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA), with PIRA …

In the majority of patients multiple sclerosis starts with a relapsing remitting course (RRMS),
which may at later times transform into secondary progressive disease (SPMS). In a minority …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that
involves demyelination and axonal degeneration. Although substantial progress has been …

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease with new drugs becoming
available in the past years. There is a need for a reference tool compiling current data to aid …

Background No treatment has consistently shown efficacy in slowing disability progression
in patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). We assessed the effect of …

Background Tolebrutinib is an oral, CNS-penetrant, irreversible inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine
kinase, an enzyme expressed in B lymphocytes and myeloid cells including microglia, which …

In contrast to the multiple disease-modifying therapies that are available for relapsing–
remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), the therapeutic options for progressive MS (PMS) are …

Background B cells influence the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Ocrelizumab is a
humanized monoclonal antibody that selectively depletes CD20+ B cells. Methods In two …