The recent creation of a veterinary clinical pathology biologic variation website has
highlighted the need to provide recommendations for future studies of biologic variation in …

The metabolism of tortoises is influenced by many factors, which in turn also influences the
clinical chemistry parameters in these animals. There are currently limited data available on …

Abstract Background The Zarudny's spur-thighed tortoise or Iranian tortoise (Testudo graeca
zarudnyi) has just been reported from Iran so far. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to …

Reference intervals (RIs) are an increasingly valuable tool for monitoring captive and free-
living wildlife populations. Galapagos tortoises are one of the most emblematic species on …

Bile is an excretory and secretory fluid composed of mostly water with numerous dissolved
solutes including bile salts, bilirubin and/or biliverdin, phospholipids, and inorganic ions …

Background Despite improvements in habitational conditions, kidney disease is relatively
common in tortoises. Objectives Purpose of this study was the establishment of Symmetrical …

As part of a planned introduction of captive Galapagos tortoises (Chelonoidis chathamensis)
to the San Cristóbal highland farms, our veterinary team performed thorough physical …

Clinical health checks including blood testing before brumation in fall are an important tool
in reptile medicine and help to reduce the risk of complications during brumation …

Physiological parameters provide indicators to evaluate how organisms respond to
conservation actions. For example, individuals translocated during reinforcement …

Background Contrast-enhanced diagnostic imaging techniques are considered useful in
veterinary and human medicine to evaluate liver perfusion and focal hepatic lesions …