Microsporidia are obligate intracellular pathogens identified∼ 150 years ago as the cause
of pébrine, an economically important infection in silkworms. There are about 220 genera …

Mammalian AMPK is known to be activated by falling cellular energy status, signaled by
rising AMP/ATP and ADP/ATP ratios. We review recent information about how this occurs …

This article provides an outline of the classification of the kingdom Fungi (including fossil
fungi. ie dispersed spores, mycelia, sporophores, mycorrhizas). We treat 19 phyla of fungi …

Bacteria influence eukaryotic biology as parasitic, commensal or beneficial symbionts. Aside
from these organismal interactions, bacteria have also been important sources of new …

Abstract Iron-sulfur (Fe/S) proteins are present in virtually all living organisms and are
involved in numerous cellular processes such as respiration, photosynthesis, metabolic …

For over 100 years, endosymbiotic theories have figured in thoughts about the differences
between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. More than 20 different versions of endosymbiotic …

The presence of mitochondria and related organelles in every studied eukaryote supports
the view that mitochondria are essential cellular components. Here, we report the genome …

The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular energy and nutrient status,
expressed almost universally in eukaryotes as heterotrimeric complexes comprising catalytic …

Major insights into the phylogenetic distribution, biochemistry, and evolutionary significance
of organelles involved in ATP synthesis (energy metabolism) in eukaryotes that thrive in …

The SLC25 carrier family consists of 53 transporters that shuttle nutrients and co-factors
across mitochondrial membranes. The family is highly redundant and their transport …