Neurons depend on the highly dynamic microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton for many different
processes during early embryonic development including cell division and migration …

Intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are the most common
developmental disorders present in humans. Combined, they affect between 3 and 5% of …

Dendritic spines are small protrusions studding neuronal dendrites, first described in 1888
by Ramón y Cajal using his famous Golgi stainings. Around 50 years later the advance of …

Common diseases are often complex because they are genetically heterogeneous, with
many different genetic defects giving rise to clinically indistinguishable phenotypes. This has …

Background The etiology of non-genetic intellectual disability (ID) is not fully known, and we
aimed to identify the prenatal, perinatal and neonatal risk factors for ID. Method PubMed and …

Little is known about the genetics of nonsyndromic intellectual disability (NSID). We
hypothesized that de novo mutations (DNMs) in synaptic genes explain an important fraction …

Because of the unbalanced sex ratio (1.3–1.4 to 1) observed in intellectual disability (ID) and
the identification of large ID-affected families showing X-linked segregation, much attention …

Autosomal recessive (AR) gene defects are the leading genetic cause of intellectual
disability (ID) in countries with frequent parental consanguinity, which account for about …

Causes of autosomal-recessive intellectual disability (ID) have, until very recently, been
under researched because of the high degree of genetic heterogeneity. However, now that …

Heterozygous mutations in FOXP2, which encodes a forkhead transcription factor, have
been shown to cause developmental verbal dyspraxia and language impairment. FOXP2 …