Brain structure varies between people in a markedly organized fashion. Communities of
brain regions co-vary in their morphological properties. For example, cortical thickness in …

Modularity is now generally recognized as a fundamental feature of organisms, one that may
have profound consequences for evolution. Modularity has recently become a major focus of …

Phenotypic integration is a pervasive characteristic of organisms. Numerous analyses have
demonstrated that patterns of phenotypic integration are conserved across large clades, but …

A network of interactions is called modular if it is subdivided into relatively autonomous,
internally highly connected components. Modularity has emerged as a rallying point for …

Integration and modularity refer to the patterns and processes of trait interaction and
independence. Both terms have complex histories with respect to both conceptualization …

Modularity describes the case where patterns of trait covariation are unevenly dispersed
across traits. Specifically, trait correlations are high and concentrated within subsets of …

The Lande equation forms the basis for our understanding of the short‐term evolution of
quantitative traits in a multivariate context. It predicts the response to selection as the product …

Organisms represent a complex arrangement of anatomical structures and individuated
parts that must maintain functional associations through development. This integration of …

Evolutionary genetics has recently made enormous progress in understanding how genetic
variation maps into phenotypic variation. However, why some traits are phenotypically …

Why animal communication displays are so complex and how they have evolved are active
foci of research with a long and rich history. Progress towards an evolutionary analysis of …