Arsenic, a metalloid and naturally occurring element, is one of the most abundant elements
in the earth's crust. Water is contaminated by arsenic through natural sources (underground …

Mitochondria are recognized as one of the most important targets for new drug design in
cancer, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases. Currently, the most effective way to …

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters mediate the ATP-driven translocation of structurally
and mechanistically distinct substrates against steep concentration gradients. Among the …

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a serious phenomenon employed by cancer cells which
hampers the success of cancer pharmacotherapy. One of the common mechanisms of MDR …

Abstract Nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) regulates the basal and stress-
inducible expression of a battery of genes encoding key components of the glutathione …

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters represent one of the largest and oldest families of
membrane proteins in all extant phyla from prokaryotes to humans, which couple the energy …

The multidrug resistance protein MRP1 is an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter that
confers resistance to many anticancer drugs and plays a role in the disposition and efficacy …

A variety of studies indicated that inorganic arsenic and its methylated metabolites have
paradoxical effects, namely, carcinogenic and anticancer effects. Epidemiological studies …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been identified as rare cell populations in many cancers,
including leukemia and solid tumors. Accumulating evidence has suggested that CSCs are …

About a 100 years ago, the Drosophila white mutant marked the birth of Drosophila genetics.
The white gene turned out to encode the first well studied ABC transporter in arthropods …