Motor variability is not noise, but grist for the learning mill | Nature Neuroscience Skip to
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Prediction errors guide many forms of learning, providing teaching signals that help us
improve our performance. Implicit motor adaptation, for instance, is thought to be driven by …

Despite increasing interest in the role of reward in motor learning, the underlying
mechanisms remain ill defined. In particular, the contribution of explicit processes to reward …

Background The potential of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) for both probing human
neuroplasticity and the induction of functionally relevant neuroplastic change has received …

This critical review considers the epistemological and historical background of the
theoretical construct of motor learning for a more differentiated understanding. More than …

During motor learning, movements and underlying neural activity initially exhibit large trial-to-
trial variability that decreases over learning. However, it is unclear how task-relevant neural …

How an established behavior is retained and consistently produced by a nervous system in
constant flux remains a mystery. One possible solution to ensure long-term stability in motor …

Background Recently, muscle synergy analysis has become a standard methodology for
extracting coordination patterns from electromyographic (EMG) signals, and for the …

Bodily movement has long been employed as a foundation for cultivating mental skills such
as attention, self-control or mindfulness, with recent studies documenting the positive …

Highlights•Behavioral reinforcement is neural reinforcement.•We propose a framework
where reinforcement acts on neural population dynamics with different time courses.• …