It is now well accepted that many tumors undergo a process of clonal selection which means
that tumor antigens arising at various stages of tumor progression are likely to be …

Purpose: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) have been implicated as potential mediators
of checkpoint immunotherapy response. However, the extensive heterogeneity of these cells …

Interest in adoptive cell therapy for treating cancer is exploding owing to early clinical
successes of autologous chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T lymphocyte therapy. However …

Human aging is a multifactorial phenomenon that affects numerous organ systems and
cellular processes, with the immune system being one of the most dysregulated …

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells that are critical to the body's antitumor and
antimetastatic defense. As such, novel therapies are being developed to utilize NK cells as …

Considering the limited clinical benefits of individual approaches against malignancy,
natural killer (NK) cell‐mediated immunotherapy is increasingly utilized in combination with …

A key mechanism of tumor resistance to immune cells is mediated by expression of peptide-
loaded HLA class I molecule (HLA-E) in tumor cells, which suppresses NK cell activity via …

Tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells were found to frequently express the inhibitory receptor
NKG2A, particularly in immune-reactive environments and after therapeutic cancer …

The ongoing outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 infection achieved pandemic status on
March 11, 2020. As of September 8, 2020 it has caused over 890,000 mortalities world-wide …

NK cells are cytotoxic components of innate lymphoid cells (ILC) that provide a first line of
defense against viral infections and contribute to control tumor growth and metastasis. Their …