Using acetylcholinesterase histochemical and choline acetyltransferase
immunocytochemical localization methods, this study has provided conclusive evidence for …

Cochlear root neurons are a distinct group of cells located in the auditory nerve root in small
rodents. Their transmitter is still unknown. Some of our preparations showed …

The presence of transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 receptor (TRPV1)-like
immunoreactivity (LI), in the form of nerve fibres and terminals, is shown in a set of discrete …

Conditioned stimuli (CSs) come to function as CSs by acquiring the capacity to activate the
same mesocorticolimbic dopamine (DA) neurons activated by primary rewards, producing …

The ability to learn about conditioned stimuli (CS) associated with rewards is a crucial
adaptive mechanism. Activity in the mesocorticolimbic dopamine (DA) system, a well …

Horizontal nystagmus is a sustaining, abnormal eye movement and an early clinical sign of
toxicity following nerve agent exposure. Nerve agent exposure-induced nystagmus can …

Reward-related learning occurs when an initially neutral stimulus acquires the capacity to
elicit responses similar to an unconditioned stimulus (US) with which it is associated, in …

The brain slice preparation was used to obtain whole cell recordings from neurons of the
central nucleus of the inferior colliculus. Four types of spiking profiles were observed in …

The ferret dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) undergoes two periods of retinal afferent
segregation during postnatal development. The first establishes the eye-specific laminae, A …

Abstract Stereotaxic microinjections of Fluoro-Gold or rhodamine labeled microspheres
were made to substantia nigra (SN) or ventral tegmental area (VTA) in rat. Choline …