Women are more susceptible to a variety of autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis (MS), primary biliary cirrhosis, rheumatoid arthritis …

The metabolic syndrome is a condition characterized by the co-existence of several major
risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD)–high blood pressure, hyperglycaemia, and …

Neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury (SCI) is developed in about 80% of SCI patients
and there is no efficient therapeutic drug to alleviate SCI-induced neuropathic pain. Here we …

It has been known for decades that females are more susceptible than men to inflammatory
autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis …

Treatment with either estradiol or an estrogen receptor (ER) α ligand has been shown to be
both antiinflammatory and neuroprotective in a variety of neurological disease models, but …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurologic injury with functional deficits for which
the only currently recommended pharmacotherapy is high‐dose methylprednisolone, which …

Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory, neurodegenerative disease for which experimental
autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a model. Treatments with estrogens have been …

Currently available treatments for multiple sclerosis (MS) reduce inflammatory lesions on
MRI and decrease clinical relapses but have limited effects on disability. Novel treatment …

Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are upregulated in the central nervous system
following injury. Chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan (CS GAG) side chains substituted on …

The possibility of a gender-related difference in recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI)
remains a controversial subject. Current empirical animal research lacks sizable test groups …