SUMMARY β-Lactam antibiotics have been widely used as therapeutic agents for the past
70 years, resulting in emergence of an abundance of β-lactam-inactivating β-lactamases …

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the major problems in current practical medicine. The
spread of genes coding for resistance determinants among bacteria challenges the use of …

The β-lactams retain a central place in the antibacterial armamentarium. In Gram-negative
bacteria, β-lactamase enzymes that hydrolyze the amide bond of the four-membered β …

The antibacterial agents currently in clinical development are predominantly derivatives of
well-established antibiotic classes and were selected to address the class-specific …

The genus Enterobacter is a member of the ESKAPE group, which contains the major
resistant bacterial pathogens. First described in 1960, this group member has proven to be …

The use of life-saving antibiotics has long been plagued by the ability of pathogenic bacteria
to acquire and develop an array of antibiotic resistance mechanisms. The sum of these …

Gram-negative bacteria and their complex cell envelope, which comprises an outer
membrane and an inner membrane, are an important and attractive system for studying the …

Antibiotics changed medical practice by significantly decreasing the morbidity and mortality
associated with bacterial infection. However, infectious diseases remain the leading cause …

Resistance to β-lactam antibiotics in Gram-negative bacteria is commonly associated with
production of β-lactamases, including extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and …

Bacterial pathogens as causative agents of infection constitute an alarming concern in the
public health sector. In particular, bacteria with resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents …