The fungi species dwelling in the rhizosphere of crop plants, revealing functions that
endeavor sustainability of the plants, are commonly referred to as 'plant-growth-promoting …

The large genetic and structural divergences between plants and fungi may hinder the
transmission of viruses between these two kingdoms to some extent. However, recent …

There is an array of pathogenic fungi in the natural environment of plants, which produce
some molecules including pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and effectors …

To successfully infect plants, pathogens secrete effector proteins to the plant apoplast or
inside plant cells, where they suppress plant immunity or interfere with other cellular …

Effectors are small, secreted molecules that mediate the establishment of interactions in
nature. While some concepts of effector biology have stood the test of time, this area of study …

Spaceflight microgravity and modeled-microgravity analogs (MMA) broadly alter gene
expression and physiology in both pathogens and plants. Research elucidating plant and …

The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi form symbiotic associations with the majority of
terrestrial plants in a relationship estimated to be at least 470 million years old [1]. This …

Regulation of host gene expression to promote disease is a common strategy for plant
pathogens. However, it remains unclear whether or not fungal pathogens manipulate host …

Pseudomonas spp. make up 1.6% of the bacteria in the soil and are found throughout the
world. More than 140 species of this genus have been identified, some beneficial to the …

There has been renewed interest in the application of endophytic fungi to control
phytopathogenic fungi, which cause significant damage to crop health, ultimately leading to …