Skin is the outermost and largest protective covering of the body. The uppermost layer of the
skin, stratum corneum also called the horny layer is composed of keratin-filled cells covered …

Both melanoma and non-melanoma are the most common types of skin cancers affecting
various populations across the globe. Skin malignancy is more prevalent among Caucasian …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) hinders the accumulation of active compounds in the central
nervous system, thus decreasing their therapeutic effectiveness. To overcome this obstacle …

Background: Gene therapy is a new approach to discover and treat many diseases. It has
attracted considerable attention from researchers in the last decades. The gene therapy …

Organogels are semi-solid systems composed of a three-dimensional network of self-
assembled gelator fibres. Despite their liquid composition, organogels exhibit solid-like …

Non-ionic surfactant vesicles (NISV) are synthetic membrane vesicles formed by self-
assembly of a non-ionic surfactant, often in a mixture with cholesterol and a charged …

Mucosal (and in minor extent transcutanous) stimulation can induce local or distant mucosa
secretory IgA. Liposomes and other vesicles as mucosal and transcutaneous adjuvants are …

Background: Pathogenic intracellular mycobacteria are challenging to treat because of the
waxy and complex cell wall characterizing the genus. Niosomes are vesicles with …

Owing to the specific molecular structure of surfactants, these compounds can penetrate into
the stratum corneum (SC) and thereby increase the transdermal absorption of drugs. As a …

Under many circumstances, prophylactic immunizations are considered as the only possible
strategy to control infectious diseases. Considerable efforts are typically invested in …