Ustilago maydis is a pathogenic fungus that causes corn smut. Because of its easy
cultivation and genetic transformation, U. maydis has become an important model organism …

Plant Nucleotide binding-Leucine rich repeat (NLR) proteins play a significant role in
pathogen detection and the activation of effector-triggered immunity. NLR regulation has …

Horticultural crops suffer from bacterial, fungal, and oomycete pathogens. Effectors are one
of the main weapons deployed by those pathogens, especially in the early stages of …

The nuclear import of proteins is a fundamental process in the eukaryotes including plant. It
has become evident that such basic process is exploited by nuclear effectors that contain …

Fusarium proliferatum is one of the pathogenic fungi causing crown rot that results in quality
deterioration and commercial value loss of banana fruit during postharvest storage …

The genus Ceratocystis includes many phytopathogenic fungi that affect different plant
species. One of these is Ceratocystis cacaofunesta, which is pathogenic to the cocoa tree …

Improving rice immunity is one of the most effective approaches to reduce yield loss by biotic
factors, with the aim of increasing rice production by 2050 amidst limited natural resources …

The most important requirement for apple producers is to ensure the best possible apple
quality after storage. Growers must comply with several regulations in the field of food and …

Aspergillus westerdijkiae can infect many agricultural products including cereals, grapes,
and pear. Pathogenic fungi secrete diverse effectors as invasive weapons for successful …

Background Pathogen-related proteins (PR) are pivotal in plant defense, combating diverse
biotic and abiotic stresses. While multiple gene families contribute to banana resistance …