In 2016, nearly 60% of the population of India open defecated, which was 4 times the global
rate, and reducing open defecation (OD) in India will be essential in meeting the 2030 …

Despite clear evidence of the adverse health impacts of unsafe child feces disposal (CFD),
there is little evidence of the effectiveness of interventions targeting the improvement of …

Background Stunting among children of ages 24-59 months is a major public health
challenge in developing countries. It has been linked with poor water quality, water …

Child feces are an important source of fecal exposure in household environments. Typically,
one of two behaviors is necessary to mitigate this risk: either caregivers dispose of their …

Background: Improved sanitation facilities offer numerous advantages, ranging from the
reduction of diarrheal illnesses and helminth infections to the improvement of psychosocial …

A significant rural–urban disparity in unsafe child stool disposal practices exists in India, yet
existing research falls short in identifying the contributing factors to this gap. This study …

Introduction Improved sanitation refers to those that effectively avoid human contact with
excreta in a hygienic manner. Having improved latrines is a key factor in adopting safe ways …

Background: Children's feces are 5 times more dangerous than that of adults. Unhygienic
disposal of child feces has been reported as one of the major sanitation problems in Sub …

Background: Diarrhoea stools contain infectious agents and pose a public health threat to
children and members of the entire family when exposed to them. Therefore, their hygienic …

In China, more than 47 million toilets in rural areas have been upgraded since the
nationwide sanitation program, popularly referred to as the “toilet revolution”, was launched …