Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that involves multiple joints bilaterally.
It is characterized by an inflammation of the tendon (tenosynovitis) resulting in both cartilage …

Cellular associations in the bone microenvironment are involved in modulating the balance
between bone remodeling and resorption, which is necessary for maintaining a normal bone …

Cytokines play a pivotal role in maintaining bone homeostasis. Osteoclasts (OCs), the sole
bone resorbing cells, are regulated by numerous cytokines. Macrophage colony-stimulating …

Abstract (C–X–C motif) ligand (CXCL) 10 (CXCL10) belongs to the ELR− CXC subfamily
chemokine. CXCL10 exerts its function through binding to chemokine (C–X–C motif) …

The term osteoimmunology was coined many years ago to describe the research field that
deals with the cross-regulation between bone cells and the immune system. As a matter of …

The bone matrix is constantly remodeled by bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming
osteoblasts. These two cell types are fundamentally different in terms of progenitor cells …

In the pathogenesis of bone destruction associated with rheumatoid arthritis, the synovium is
a site of active interplay between immune and bone cells. The interaction between T cells …

The complicated connections and cross talk between the skeletal system and the immune
system are attracting more attention, which is developing into the field of Osteoimmunology …

CXCR3 is a G protein–coupled, seven‐transmembrane receptor that binds and is activated
by the three IFN‐γ‐inducible chemokines of the CXC family named CXCL9, CXCL10, and …

CXCL10 is a 10 kDa protein, which is categorized functionally as a Th1-chemokine. It binds
to the receptor CXCR3 and regulates immune responses through the activation and …