Apathy and anhedonia are common syndromes of motivation that are associated with a wide
range of brain disorders and have no established therapies. Research using animal models …

Anhedonia—the loss of pleasure or lack of reactivity to pleasurable stimuli—remains a
formidable treatment challenge across neuropsychiatric disorders. In major depressive …

Objective: A role for aberrant reward processing in the pathogenesis of depression has long
been proposed. However, no review has yet examined its role in depression by integrating …

Depression is linked to deficits in cognitive control and a host of other cognitive impairments
arise as a consequence of these deficits. Despite of their important role in depression, there …

Ketamine, an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist first developed as an
anesthetic, has shown significant promise as a medication with rapid antidepressant …

Late-life depression occurring in older adults is common, recurrent, and malignant. It is
characterized by affective symptoms, but also cognitive decline, medical comorbidity, and …

Deep brain stimulation has been extensively studied as a therapeutic option for treatment-
resistant depression (TRD). DBS across different targets is associated with on average 60 …

Patients with depressive disorders show a wide range of clinical manifestations including
cognitive and neurovegetative symptoms. Importantly, these symptoms can differ in terms of …

Despite numerous studies on the neurobiology of depression, the etiological and
pathophysiological mechanisms of this disorder remain poorly understood. A large number …

Pleasure and motivation are important factors for goal-directed behavior and well-being in
both animals and humans. Intact hedonic capacity requires an undisturbed interplay …