Gut microbiota‐derived metabolites are key hubs connecting the gut microbiome and cancer
progression, primarily by remodeling the tumor microenvironment and regulating key …

Sepsis is a life-threatening disorder disease defined as infection-induced dysregulated
immune responses and multiple organ dysfunction. The imbalance between …

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays a crucial role in signal transduction and can
function as a neurotransmitter. Although many studies have been conducted on GABA in …

Emerging evidence suggests that amino acids dictate the effector functions of immune cells;
however, whether and how phenylalanine (Phe) orchestrates the polarization of …

A growing body of evidence suggests that the gut microbiota contributes to the development
of neurodegenerative diseases via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. As a contributing factor …

Background Although immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has shown remarkable
benefits in cancers, a subset of patients with cancer exhibits unresponsiveness or develop …

GABA is the most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate central nervous
system. Synthesized by glutamic acid decarboxylase, GABA could specifically bind with two …

Mitochondrial dysfunction is the pivotal driving factor of multiple inflammatory diseases, and
targeting mitochondrial biogenesis represents an efficacious approach to ameliorate such …

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM), the most severe form of tuberculosis, causes death in
approximately 25% cases despite antibiotic therapy, and half of survivors are left with …

Macrophages display functional phenotypic plasticity. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection
induces polarizations of liver macrophages either to M1-like pro-inflammatory phenotype or …