Chronic spontaneous urticaria is characterized by a perivascular non-necrotizing cellular
infiltrate around small venules of the skin. It consists primarily of CD4 (+) lymphocytes, a …

In the past decade, research in the molecular and cellular underpinnings of basic and
clinical immunology has significantly advanced our understanding of allergic disorders …

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, chronic-relapsing inflammatory skin disease with
significant disease burden. Genetic and environmental trigger factors contribute to AD …

BACKGROUND IL-33, found in high levels in participants with allergic disorders, is thought
to mediate allergic reactions. Etokimab, an anti–IL-33 biologic, has previously demonstrated …

Type 2 immunity evolved to combat helminth infections by orchestrating a combined
protective response of innate and adaptive immune cells and promotion of parasitic worm …

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is essential in asthma airway remodeling. IL-33
from epithelial cells is involved in pulmonary fibrosis. CD146 has been extensively explored …

Background The binding of IL-33 to its receptor ST2 (alias of IL1RL1) leads to the release of
inflammatory mediators and may play a role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis …

Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis are frequent chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Autophagy
plays a substantial role in the homeostasis of an organism. Loss or impairment of autophagy …

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common and contagious virus that results in acute
respiratory tract infections in infants. In many cases, the symptoms of RSV remain mild …

As aerobic organisms, we are continuously and throughout our lifetime subjected to an
oxidizing atmosphere and, most often, to environmental threats. The lung is the internal …