The carotid body (CB) is the main peripheral chemoreceptor for arterial respiratory gases O2
and CO2 and pH, eliciting reflex ventilatory, cardiovascular, and humoral responses to …

To cope with the reduced availability of O2 at high altitude, air-breathing vertebrates have
evolved myriad adjustments in the cardiorespiratory system to match tissue O2 delivery with …

Background Opioids are potent painkillers but come with serious adverse effects ranging
from addiction to potentially lethal respiratory depression. A variety of drugs with separate …

Obstructive sleep apnea is a sleep and breathing disorder, in which, patients suffer from
cycles of atonia of airway dilator muscles during sleep, resulting in airway collapse, followed …

The estimation of cardiorespiratory coupling (CRC) is attracting interest in sports physiology
as an important tool to characterize cardiac neural regulation genuinely driven by …

Opioids depress minute ventilation primarily by reducing respiratory rate. This results from
direct effects on the preBötzinger Complex as well as from depression of the …

Emergent evidence indicates that the carotid body (CB) chemoreceptor may sense systemic
inflammatory molecules and is an afferent arm of the anti-inflammatory reflex. Moreover, a …

Hypoglossal motor neurons (HMNs) innervate tongue muscles and play key roles in a
variety of physiological functions, including swallowing, mastication, suckling, vocalization …

Sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB) affects over 50% of obese individuals. Exaggerated
hypoxic chemoreflex is a cardinal trait of SDB in obesity. We have shown that leptin acts in …

Hyperventilation reliably provokes seizures in patients diagnosed with absence epilepsy.
Despite this predictable patient response, the mechanisms that enable hyperventilation to …