Still relevant after 19 years, the FAO/WHO definition of probiotics can be translated into four
simple and pragmatic criteria allowing one to conclude if specific strains of microorganisms …

Background Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways are now implemented
worldwide with strong evidence that adhesion to such protocol reduces medical …

Importance Extenuating circumstances can trigger unplanned changes to randomized trials
and introduce methodological, ethical, feasibility, and analytical challenges that can …

Importance Neurofibrillary tangles composed of aggregated tau protein are one of the
neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer disease (AD) and correlate with clinical disease …

Importance Epidemiologic and trial data suggest that vitamin D supplementation may reduce
metastatic cancer and cancer mortality, reflecting shared biological pathways. Objective To …

Background: Exercise leads to a robust inflammatory response mainly characterized by the
mobilization of leukocytes and an increase in circulating inflammatory mediators produced …

Background Low carbohydrate diets, which restrict carbohydrate in favour of increased
protein or fat intake, or both, are a popular weight-loss strategy. However, the long-term …

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an evidence-based intervention that uses patient education,
health behavior modification, and exercise training to improve secondary prevention …

Importance Biologic mesh is widely used for reinforcing contaminated ventral hernia repairs;
however, it is expensive and has been associated with high rates of long-term hernia …

Background Treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer with chemoradiotherapy, surgery,
and adjuvant chemotherapy controls local disease, but distant metastases remain common …