In this Opinion article, we discuss the function of tissues as a crucial checkpoint for the
regulation of effector T cell responses, and the notion that interleukin-15 (IL-15) functions as …

Cytokines play crucial roles in orchestrating complex multicellular interactions between
pancreatic β cells and immune cells in the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and are …

There are 425 million people with diabetes mellitus in the world. By 2045, this figure will
grow to over 600 million. Diabetes mellitus is classified among noncommunicable diseases …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating degenerative joint disease particularly affecting
weightbearing joints within the body, principally the hips and knees. Current radiographic …

Summary Interleukin‐15 (IL‐15) exerts many biological functions essential for the
maintenance and function of multiple cell types. Although its expression is tightly regulated …

The final outcome of diabetes is chronic complications, of which vascular complications are
the most serious, which is the main cause of death for diabetic patients and the direct cause …

The location of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) between epithelial cells, their effector
memory, cytolytic and inflammatory phenotype positions them to kill infected epithelial cells …

IL-15, a pleiotropic cytokine, stimulates generation of NK, NK-T, γδ, ILC1, and memory CD8
T cells. IL-15 disorders play pathogenetic roles in organ-specific autoimmune diseases …

Aging is commonly associated with a structural deterioration of skin that compromises its
barrier function, healing, and susceptibility to disease. Several lines of evidence show that …

Background & Aims The mechanisms of tissue destruction during progression of celiac
disease are poorly defined. It is not clear how tissue stress and adaptive immunity contribute …