The notion of the “biological individual” is crucial to studies of genetics, immunology,
evolution, development, anatomy, and physiology. Each of these biological subdisciplines …

The growing knowledge about the influence of transposable elements (TE s) on (a) long‐
term genome and transcriptome evolution;(b) genomic, transcriptomic and epigenetic …

Transposable elements (TE s) play an important role in the responsive capacity of their hosts
in the face of environmental challenges. The variety of mechanisms by which TE s influence …

Transposable elements (TEs) are the key players in generating genomic novelty by a
combination of the chromosome rearrangements they cause and the genes that come under …

Transposable elements (TEs) are selfish genetic elements that mobilize in genomes via
transposition or retrotransposition and often make up large fractions of vertebrate genomes …

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are known to improve plant fitness through the
establishment of mycorrhizal symbioses. Genetic and phenotypic variations among closely …

A fundamental challenge in biology is explaining the origin of novel phenotypic characters
such as new cell types,,,; the molecular mechanisms that give rise to novelties are unclear …

The vascular wilt fungi Verticillium dahliae and V. albo-atrum infect over 200 plant species,
causing billions of dollars in annual crop losses. The characteristic wilt symptoms are a …

Genomes are vulnerable to selfish genetic elements (SGEs), which enhance their own
transmission relative to the rest of an individual's genome but are neutral or harmful to the …

Horizontal transfer is the passage of genetic material between genomes by means other
than parent-to-offspring inheritance. Although the transfer of genes is thought to be crucial in …