Humans are social creatures, demonstrate prosocial behaviors, and are sensitive to the
actions and consequent payoff of others. This social sensitivity has also been found in many …

Simple Summary The fish farming industry is characterized by settings where large numbers
of fishes are raised together at high stocking densities, effectively obliterating the individual …

Cognitive abilities are crucial for survival and adaptation, enabling animals to navigate their
environment, recognize predators and remember the location of food resources. However …

Abstract According to Zajonc's (1965) motivation based theory, the presence of a conspecific
should increase motivation and the effect of an increase in motivation should depend on the …

From the earliest days of writing on behaviour, we have known that an individual's social
context can powerfully influence that individual's behaviour. Behaviour of individuals is often …

Introduction the early-and mid-1900s largely toward just a few species–rats, pigeons, and
humans (Burghardt & Drickamer, this volume; Lorenz 1950). A foundational perspective to …

Sociality has evolved multiple times in animals. Social living is a balance between the
advantages and disadvantages of the increased presence of conspecifics. These costs and …

The social facilitation effect describes a change in the behavior of an individual due to the
presence of another organism of the same species (ie, a conspecific). Many theories exist …

The central idea of the bifocal stance theory (BST) by Jagiello et al. has substantial
relevance to scientific research. Both tradition-following and exploration-innovation are …