The current state of global green H 2 demand from water required an efficient and robust
catalyst to mitigate greenhouse-gas emissions to the atmosphere. The transition metal …

Photocatalysis has been widely applied in various areas, such as solar cells, water splitting,
and pollutant degradation. Therefore, the photochemical mechanisms and basic principles …

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is widely used to determine the chemical and
electronic states of atoms within a material. However, it is often complex to interpret the O 1s …

Structures and processes at water/metal interfaces play an important technological role in
electrochemical energy conversion and storage, photoconversion, sensors, and corrosion …

Developing sustainable and renewable energy sources along with efficient energy storage
and conversion technologies is vital to address environmental and energy challenges …

High-performance hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts are compelling for the
conversion of renewable electricity to fuels and feedstocks. The best HER catalysts rely on …

Catalyzing water dissociation (WD) into protons and hydroxide ions is important both for
fabricating bipolar membranes (BPMs) that can couple different pH environments into a …

Water contains tremendous energy in a variety of forms, but very little of this energy has yet
been harnessed. Nanostructured materials can generate electricity on interaction with water …

Advances in electrocatalysis at solid–liquid interfaces are vital for driving the technological
innovations that are needed to deliver reliable, affordable and environmentally friendly …

Hydrogen holds the potential of replacing nonrenewable fossil fuel. Improving the efficiency
of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is critical for environmental friendly hydrogen …