Abstract The Humboldt Current System (HCS) is one of the most productive marine
ecosystems on earth. It extends along the west coast of South America from southern Chile …

School of Integrative Biology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia E-
mail: d. marshall1@ uq. edu. au, richard. allen@ uq. edu. au, a. crean@ uq. edu. auAbstract …

Ocean acidification (OA) is expected to rise towards the end of the 21st century altering the
life history traits in marine organisms. Upwelling systems will not escape OA, but unlike other …

Egg capsules of the gastropod Acanthina monodon were maintained during the entire
period of encapsulated development at three temperatures (10, 15, 20° C) and two pCO 2 …

Large-scale patterns of encapsulated embryo development and causal factors determining
developmental success in the marine environment have been relevant issues of research for …

Intracapsular development is common in marine gastropods. In many species, embryos
develop alongside nurse eggs, which provide nutrition during ontogeny. The common whelk …

Maternal investment (MI), the energy allocated by mothers to offspring, has important effects
on the life-history traits of marine organisms. Variation in such traits shows strong correlation …

The muricid gastropod Acanthina monodon deposits egg capsules in both subtidal and
intertidal environments. Intertidal egg capsules are naturally exposed during low tides to …

Temperature is arguably the primary factor affecting development in ectotherms and, as a
result, may be the driving force behind setting species' geographic limits. The shallow-water …

Upwelling phenomena alter the physical and chemical parameters of the sea's subsurface
waters, producing low levels of temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen, which can seriously …