The study of plant mitochondria started in earnest around 1950 with the first isolations of
mitochondria from animal and plant tissues. The first 35 years were spent establishing the …

Abiotic stresses are responsible for the major losses in crop yield all over the world. Stresses
generate harmful ROS which can impair cellular processes in plants. Therefore, plants have …

Protein complexes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain assemble into respiratory
supercomplexes. Here we present the high-resolution electron cryo-microscopy structure of …

Mitochondrial complex III (CIII2) and complex IV (CIV), which can associate into a higher-
order supercomplex (SC III2+ IV), play key roles in respiration. However, structures of these …

Mitochondrial complex I is the main site for electron transfer to the respiratory chain and
generates much of the proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Complex I …

Redox processes are at the heart of universal life processes, such as metabolism, signaling,
or folding of secreted proteins. Redox landscapes differ between cell compartments and are …

In this glossary of plant cell structures, we asked experts to summarize a present-day view of
plant organelles and structures, including a discussion of outstanding questions. In the …

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) and bacterial leaf streak (BLS) are two serious bacterial diseases
caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola …

Background Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have a positive effect on drought tolerance
of plants after establishing reciprocal resymbiosis with roots, while the underlying …

Carbon nanotubes present potential applications in soil remediation, particularly in
phytoremediation. Yet, how multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) induced …