Oral cancer pain remains a significant public health concern. Despite the development of
improved treatments, pain continues to be a debilitating clinical feature of the disease …

We aimed to review the literature to find the specific effect of opioids on the activity of
cholinesterase (ChE) enzyme which plays a substantial role in the functioning of cholinergic …

Morphine tolerance (MT) is a tricky problem, the mechanism of it is currently unknown.
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) serve significant functions in the biological processes (BPs) of the …

We examined whether co-injections of the cell-permeant D-cysteine analogues, D-cysteine
ethyl ester (D-CYSee) and D-cysteine ethyl amide (D-CYSea), prevent acquisition of …

The molecular mechanisms underlying the acquisition of addiction/dependence on
morphine may result from the ability of the opioid to diminish the transport of L-cysteine into …

The development of opioid tolerance in patients on long-term opioid analgesic treatment is
an unsolved matter in clinical practice thus far. Dose escalation is required to restore …

Agmatine, a decarboxylated form of L-arginine, prevents opioid analgesic tolerance,
dependence, and self-administration when given by both central and systemic routes of …

Mephedrone, a popular psychostimulating substance widely used illegally in recreational
purposes, exerts in rodents that regularly and intermittently were exposed to it a sensitized …

Buprenorphine has become an important medication in the context of the ongoing opioid
epidemic. However, complex pharmacologic properties and varying government regulations …

This chapter describes the main adaptive changes occurring after repeated opioid
administration at different levels: behavioral, pharmacological, cellular, and molecular. The …