Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Resident microglia
are the principal immune cells of the brain, and the first to respond to the pathophysiological …

Microglia are brain resident macrophages originated from primitive progenitor cells in the
yolk sac. Microglia can be activated within hours and recruited to the lesion site …

Remyelination involves reinvesting demyelinated axons with new myelin sheaths. In stark
contrast to the situation that follows loss of neurons or axonal damage, remyelination in the …

Cerebral white matter injury, characterised by loss of premyelinating oligodendrocytes (pre-
OLs), is the most common form of injury to the preterm brain and is associated with a high …

Thalamocortical connections are: essential for brain function, established early in
development, and significantly impaired following preterm birth. Impaired cognitive abilities …

BACKGROUND. Symptomatic neonatal hypoglycemia may be associated with later
neurodevelopmental impairment. Brain injury patterns identified on early MRI scans and …

Historically the major focus in neonatal neurology has been on brain injury in premature
infants born less than 30 gestational weeks. This focus reflects the urgent need to improve …

Glaucoma is a widespread ocular disease characterized by a progressive loss of retinal
ganglion cells (RGCs). Previous studies suggest that the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α …

Background The safety and efficacy of early, low-dose, prolonged therapy with inhaled nitric
oxide in premature newborns with respiratory failure are uncertain. Methods We performed a …

Amoeboid microglial cells (AMCs) in the developing brain display surface receptors and
antigens shared by the monocyte-derived tissue macrophages. Activation of AMCs in the …