Simple Summary Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound vesicles released by all
cell types, differing in biogenesis, physical characteristics, and contents. Due to their central …

The unique biological characteristics and promising clinical potential of extracellular
vesicles (EVs) have galvanized EV applications for regenerative medicine. Recognized as …

Exosomes are the small extracellular vesicles secreted by cells for intercellular
communication. Exosomes are rich in therapeutic cargos such as microRNA (miRNA), long …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common cause of disability worldwide among the elderly.
Alarmingly, the incidence of OA in individuals less than 40 years of age is rising, likely due to …

The field of extracellular vesicles has been rapidly developing after it became evident that a
defined subset of vesicles, called exosomes, can modulate several biological functions in …

Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) affects a large percentage of the population worldwide.
Current surgical and nonsurgical concepts for treating OA only result in symptom-modifying …

In recent years, the infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) has gained increasing research interest. The
contribution of the IFP to the development and progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA) …

Osteoporosis, or steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the hip, is accompanied by increased
bone marrow adipogenesis. Such a disorder of adipogenic/osteogenic differentiation …

Knee joint osteoarthritis is a complex immunological and degenerative disease. Current
treatment strategies fail to alter its progression. Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy for …

Elucidating a basic blueprint of osteoclast-osteoblast coordination in skeletal remodeling
and understanding how this coordination breaks down with age and disease is essential for …