The etiology of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD) is multifactorial, and both genetics and
environmental exposures are risk factors. While mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative movement
disorders worldwide. Current treatments alleviate symptoms and suppress the progression …

Importance The Global Burden of Disease study conducted between 1990 and 2016, based
on a global study of 195 countries and territories, identified Parkinson disease (PD) as the …

Sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, with a
complex risk structure thought to be influenced by interactions between genetic variants and …

Recent studies have identified increasing levels of nanoplastic pollution in the environment.
Here, we find that anionic nanoplastic contaminants potently precipitate the formation and …

The heterogeneity of Parkinson's disease (PD), ie the various clinical phenotypes,
pathological findings, genetic predispositions and probably also the various implicated …

The biological basis of the neurodegenerative movement disorder, Parkinson's disease
(PD), is still unclear despite it being 'discovered'over 200 years ago in Western Medicine …

Idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) may take decades to develop, during which many risk or
protective factors may come into play to initiate the pathogenesis or modify its progression to …

Microglia are the immune effector cells of the brain playing critical roles in immune
surveillance and neuroprotection in healthy conditions, while they can sustain …

The discovery of a pathogenic variant in the alpha-synuclein (SNCA) gene in the Contursi
kindred in 1997 indisputably confirmed a genetic cause in a subset of Parkinson's disease …