The risk of exposure, progression to active tuberculosis (TB) and then to cure is a process
affected by several risk factors. Along with well known risk factors such as human …

Background While the association between occupational inhalation of silica dust and
pulmonary tuberculosis has been known for over a century, there has never been a …

Background Tuberculosis is a major contributor to the global burden of disease, causing
more than a million deaths annually. Given an emphasis on equity in access to diagnosis …

Summary Background The Millennium Declaration in 2000 brought special global attention
to HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria through the formulation of Millennium Development Goal …

Abstract The nine Bradford Hill (BH) viewpoints (sometimes referred to as criteria) are
commonly used to assess causality within epidemiology. However, causal thinking has …

The World Health Statistics series is WHO's annual compilation of health statistics for its 194
Member States. The World Health Statistics 2016focuses on the health and health-related …

Globally, far more men than women have tuberculosis. Although the cause of this bias is
uncertain, epidemiological factors have historically been considered the driving force. Here …

Background An understanding of the trends in tuberculosis incidence, prevalence, and
mortality is crucial to tracking of the success of tuberculosis control programmes and …

Background Although diabetes and poor glycaemic control significantly increase the risk of
tuberculosis and adversely affect tuberculosis treatment outcomes, the global burden of …

Background Sex differences are important epidemiological factors that impact in the
frequency and severity of infectious diseases. A clear sexual dimorphism in bacterial …