Objective. To systematically review the international literature for internal nasal septal
deviation classification systems and summarize them for clinical and research purposes …

Background Septal deviation is a condition of high prevalence, which ranges from 22% in
newborns to 90% in adults. Surgical intervention is frequently considered in the …

The crooked nose is unquestionably the most severe deformity of the nasal septum due to
the simultaneous involvement of very important functional and aesthetic elements. As …

Objective: The deviated nose presents a tremendous challenge for rhinoplasty surgeons,
especially the correction of the cartilaginous dorsum deviation. In this study, we introduce …

Correction of a severely deviated nasal septum remains one of the most challenging
operations for the facial plastic surgeon. As an understanding of nasal anatomy and …

Background One of the most important preconditions for a straight nose is a straight and
stable cartilaginous L-shaped frame with sufficient support for the nasal tip and the …

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze nose shape and size in subjects with sagittal facial
deformities. Methods: One hundred fifteen subjects were included for orthognathic surgery; …

Background: The current literature on rhinoplasty focuses mainly on the nasal profile
(sagittal plane); however, the nose is a three-dimensional structure, and alignment of the …

Septoplasty is a commonly performed procedure that provides an effective treatment of
nasal septum deformities. It has become an essential issue in nasal surgery for both …

The importance of a straight and stable central framework is beyond dispute. Many authors
allude to technical aspects how to achieve the above-mentioned requirements. Far less is …