The ubiquitous divalent cations magnesium and calcium are important nutrients required by
bacteria for growth and cell maintenance. Multi-faceted roles are shown both in bacterial …

Biofilms are communities of aggregated bacterial cells embedded in a self-produced
extracellular polymeric matrix. Biofilms are recalcitrant to antibiotic treatment and immune …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterial pathogen associated with a wide range of infections
and utilizes several strategies to establish and maintain infection including biofilm …

Across diverse habitats, bacteria are mainly found as biofilms, surface-attached communities
embedded in a self-secreted matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which …

Many bacterial species in nature possess the ability to transition into a sessile lifestyle and
aggregate into cohesive colonies, known as biofilms. Within a biofilm, bacterial cells are …

Biofilm-dispersing enzymes degrade the extracellular polymeric matrix surrounding bacterial
biofilms, disperse the microbial community and increase their susceptibility to antibiotics and …

Electroactive biofilms (EABs) are electroactive microorganisms (EAMs) encased in
conductive polymers that are secreted by EAMs and formed by the accumulation and cross …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that causes infections in a variety of
settings. Many P. aeruginosa isolates are infected by filamentous Pf bacteriophage …

Although biofilms have been observed early in the history of microbial research, their impact
has only recently been fully recognized. Biofilm infections, which contribute to up to 80% of …

Electroactive pyrogenic carbon (PC) is an intriguing candidate for realizing the ambitious
goals of large-scale applications of microbial electrochemical technologies (METs). In this …