Objective To systematically review evidence for the association between trauma
experienced in childhood or adolescence, and the subsequent experience of affective or …

Schizophrenia has been an evolutionary paradox: it has high heritability, but it is associated
with decreased reproductive success. The causal genetic variants underlying schizophrenia …

Potential long-lasting adverse effects of child maltreatment have been widely reported,
although little is known about the distinctive long-term impact of differing types of …

Abstract Background Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are common and have a wide
range of impact on human physical and mental health. The role of positive childhood …

Evidence for the association between childhood trauma and psychosis is well supported
and continues to grow. In a recent sample of more than 4000 children, Croft and colleagues …

Background Childhood maltreatment is associated with poor mental and physical health.
However, the mechanisms of gene–environment correlations and the potential causal …

Altered secretion of cortisol, the primary effector of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis,
has been proposed as a means by which traumatic experiences compromise later mental …

Background Genetic influences are ubiquitous as virtually all phenotypes and most
exposures typically classified as environmental have been found to be heritable. A …

Prenatal maternal stressful life events are associated with adverse neurodevelopmental
outcomes in offspring. Biological mechanisms underlying these associations are largely …

Sibling and peer bullying are reported as the most frequent forms of violence experienced
across childhood. There is now ample evidence indicating an association between sibling …