The NOP receptor (nociceptin/orphanin FQ opioid peptide receptor) is the most recently
discovered member of the opioid receptor family and, together with its endogenous ligand …

It is estimated that nearly a third of people who abuse drugs started with prescription opioid
medicines. Approximately, 11.5 million Americans used prescription drugs recreationally in …

Classical opioid analgesics, including morphine, mediate all of their desired and undesired
effects by specific activation of the μ‐opioid receptor (μ receptor). The use of morphine for …

Analgesic design and evaluation have been driven by the desire to create high-affinity high-
selectivity mu (μ)-opioid peptide (MOP) receptor agonists. Such ligands are the mainstay of …

Opioids continue to be of use for the treatment of pain. Most clinically used analgesics target
the μ opioid receptor whose activation results in adverse effects like respiratory depression …

Cebranopadol (trans-6′-fluoro-4′, 9′-dihydro-N, N-dimethyl-4-phenyl-spiro [cyclohexane-
1, 1′(3′ H)-pyrano [3, 4-b] indol]-4-amine) is a novel analgesic nociceptin/orphanin FQ …

Opioid-related fatalities involving synthetic opioids have reached unprecedented levels. This
study evaluated the respiratory depressant effects of seven fentanyl analogs that have either …

Misuse of prescription opioids, opioid addiction, and overdose underscore the urgent need
for developing addiction-free effective medications for treating severe pain. Mu opioid …

Background Opioid dependence increases risk of premature mortality. Opioid substitution
therapy with methadone or buprenorphine reduces mortality risk, especially for drug-related …

This chapter provides a short overview of the history of morphine since it's isolation by
Sertürner in 1805. The biosynthesis of the title alkaloid as well as all total and formal …