Metabolic reprogramming is one of the hallmarks of cancer. As nutrients are scarce in the
tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor cells adopt multiple metabolic adaptations to meet …

In addition to their intracellular mobility, mitochondria and their components can exist
outside the cells from which they originate. As a result, they are capable of acting on non …

Mammalian genes were long thought to be constrained within somatic cells in most cell
types. This concept was challenged recently when cellular organelles including …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by tissue-specific insulin resistance and
pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, which result from the interplay of local abnormalities within …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) function as a mode of intercellular communication and
molecular transfer to elicit diverse biological/functional response. Accumulating evidence …

Mitokines are signaling molecules that enable communication of local mitochondrial stress
to other mitochondria in distant cells and tissues. Among those molecules are FGF21 …

Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ and a crucial regulator of energy storage and systemic
metabolic homeostasis. Additionally, adipose tissue is a pivotal regulator of cardiovascular …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged in the last decade as critical cell-to-cell
communication devices used to carry nucleic acids and proteins between cells. EV cargo …

Mitochondrial export into the extracellular space is emerging as a fundamental cellular
process implicated in diverse physiological activities. Although a few studies have shed light …

Mitochondrial damage plays vital roles in the pathology of many diseases, such as cancers,
neurodegenerative diseases, aging, metabolic diseases and many types of organ injury …