For hundreds of years, mankind has been influencing its sleep and waking state through the
adenosinergic system. For~ 100 years now, systematic research has been performed, first …

This review summarizes the brain mechanisms controlling sleep and wakefulness.
Wakefulness promoting systems cause low-voltage, fast activity in the …

Sleep is a fundamental biological process observed widely in the animal kingdom, but the
neural circuits generating sleep remain poorly understood. Understanding the brain …

We take for granted the ability to fall asleep or to snap out of sleep into wakefulness, but
these changes in behavioral state require specific switching mechanisms in the brain that …

Aim: To define the autoimmune potential of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Methods: Experimentally validated epitopes …

The energy allocation (EA) model defines behavioral strategies that optimize the temporal
utilization of energy to maximize reproductive success. This model proposes that all species …

Purinergic neurotransmission, involving release of ATP as an efferent neurotransmitter was
first proposed in 1972. Later, ATP was recognised as a cotransmitter in peripheral nerves …

Sleep remains one of the least understood phenomena in biology—even its role in synaptic
plasticity remains debatable. Since sleep was recognized to be regulated genetically …

Despite decades of intense study, the functions of sleep are still shrouded in mystery. The
difficulty in understanding these functions can be at least partly attributed to the varied …

Our understanding of the neural control of sleep in large part parallels the history of
neuroscience. As new tools and methodologies have become available to the research …