Background The human gut hosts complex microbial communities, which are linked to
health and disease. The gut microbiota is continuously reshaped by multiple environmental …

The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis (UC)
and Crohn's disease (CD), increases gradually worldwide in the past decades. IBD is …

The number of individuals experiencing mental disorders (eg, anxiety and depression) has
significantly risen in recent years. Therefore, it is essential to seek prevention and treatment …

Asthma is a multifactorial disorder, and microbial dysbiosis enhances lung inflammation and
asthma-related symptoms. Probiotics have shown anti-inflammatory effects and could …

Numerous studies have investigated neurobehavioral toxicity of microplastics, but no studies
have illustrated mechanism via brain-gut axis. Here, juvenile discus fish (Symphysodon …

Introduction Test anxiety is a common issue among college students, which can affect their
physical and psychological health. However, effective interventions or therapeutic strategies …

The physiological consequences of stress often manifest in the gastrointestinal tract.
Traumatic or chronic stress is associated with widespread maladaptive changes throughout …

Psychobiotics—live microorganisms with potential mental health benefits, which can
modulate the microbiota-gut-brain-axis via immune, humoral, neural, and metabolic …

Depression is the most prevalent mental disorder in the world associated with huge socio-
economic consequences. While depressive-related symptoms are well known, the …

Exposure to heavy metals (HMs) is a threat to human health. Although probiotics can
detoxify HMs in animals, their effectiveness and mechanism of action in humans have not …